Generation of Pancreatic Tissues from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

发布时间：2014-01-20浏览次数：24

Kaiming Ye, PhD

　　Program Director

　　Biomedical Engineering Program

　　National Science Foundation

　　Professor and Department Chair

　　Department of Bioengineering

　　Thomas J Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science

　　Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY, Binghamton) Binghamton, NY 13902

　　kye@binghamton.edu

　　报告时间： 2014年1月21日上午9:30~10:30

　　报告地点：西区力学三楼301会议室

　　主办单位：三维打印技术研发中心

　　The success in directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells ( HPSC) including embryonic stem (hES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into islet-like cells raises new hopes for cell-based diabetes therapy. It is envisioned that islet cells generated from HPSCs can be used to replace damaged beta cells and to restore patients’ near-physiological insulin secretion capability in such a way that homeostatic sugar levels can be maintained in the blood. This, however, has not yet been possible due to the difficulty in generating fully functional beta cells in vitro. In many cases, cells differentiated from HPSCs are immature, or in other words, are unsuitable for cell replacement therapy. Most islet-like cells derived from HPSCs in vitro fail to function normally in vivo after transplantation in diabetic animal models. On the other hand, the in vivo maturation of pancreatic endoderm progenitors presents significant successes. This suggests that more studies need to be done to determine key factors that are required for the in vitro maturation of HPSC-derived pancreatic progenitor cells. In vivo tissue functionality relies upon (at least) three properties: i.e., cell type, extracellular matrix (ECM) or scaffolds, hormones and/or other signaling molecules. Thus, engineering approaches need to be developed to realize or mimic these in vivo microenvironments in order to promote the maturation of pancreatic progenitor cells in vitro. Our recent study divulged that the in vitro maturation of pancreatic progenitor cells can be achieved by carefully designed physicochemical cues that mimic in vivo microenvironments for cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation. Our study clearly demonstrated significant biological functionality of 3D scaffolds designed at our lab for promoting maturation of progenitor cells in vitro. The translation of these discoveries into technological development will bring cell replacement therapy one step closer to treating diabetes in more controllable clinical settings.　

Brief Bio:

　　Dr. Kaiming Ye is Professor and Department Chair of Bioengineering at State University of New York, Binghamton (SUNY, Binghamton) and Program Director at Biomedical Engineering Program, National Science Foundation. He is one of the top most distinguished and accomplished leaders in the field of Medical and Biological Engineering and was elected to a Fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering. He is a Senior Member of IEEE. During this tenure at NSF, he managed neuroscience and cell biomechanics funding program and was member of a number of interagency working groups including Interagency Working Group for Neuroscience under the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the Executive Office of the President, Multiagency Working Group for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine and DARPA Government Oversight Committee. He was Professor of Biomedical Engineering at University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (UAF) before joining SUNY, Binghamton. During his tenure at UAF, he helped create the Department of Biomedical Engineering and the new Undergraduate Biomedical Engineering Degree Program. His research interests include stem cell engineering, regenerative medicine, imaging and vaccine development. He is best known for his creative works in 3D differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into clinically relevant cell lineages and development of fluorescent nanosensors for continuous glucose monitoring. His research has been continuously supported by NIH, NSF, JDRF, ABI and industries funding. He is ABET Program Evaluator for Biomedical Engineering. He has chaired and co-chaired a number of international conferences and has been invited to deliver keynote/plenary speech in numerous international and national conferences. He has published more than 66 peer-reviewed papers and a book on human embryonic stem cells and a patent on glucose sensor. He serves as Editor, Executive Editor, Associate Editor, and member of Editorial Boards of 13 journals.